How do you approach grading and providing feedback on student work in a way that is both fair and constructive? What is one technique you find effective?

Question

Navigating the nuances of providing feedback to law students can be a tightrope walk, but it doesn't have to be a guessing game. This article demystifies the process by presenting tried-and-true techniques backed by seasoned educators. Gain practical strategies that ensure feedback is both constructive and fair, transforming the learning experience.

Julie Ann Howlett · Answer

Grading should always be based on a pre-given framework to avoid biases, i.e., a rubric or points range system per different criteria. Further, trying the 'sandwich technique' can be constructive where supportive, 'done well' comments are used to open the dialogue, but areas for growth and critique are put in the middle of the discussion (assuming this is a longer type feedback scenario). Otherwise, the rubric can be used to circle ratings in different criteria and then the instructor can provide a few qualitative written sentences about performance for the learner.

Nikita Sherbina · Answer

I approach grading with a growth-focused mindset, ensuring feedback is both fair and actionable.
One technique that works well for me is the "strengths-first" method. Before pointing out areas for improvement, I highlight what the student did well-whether it's strong analysis, creativity, or clear organization. Then, I provide specific, constructive feedback on how they can improve. Instead of vague comments like "needs more detail," I'll say, "Your argument is strong-adding one more real-world example would make it even more persuasive."
This approach keeps students motivated while giving them clear direction. I've found that when feedback is framed as a tool for progress rather than just criticism, students engage with it more and actually apply it to future work.

Beau V. · Answer

At our tutoring company, we use the "Feedforward Method" to provide feedback that is not just focused on past performance but on actionable steps for improvement. This method allows us to give students concrete advice on how they can approach their next assignment or topic more effectively. For example, when one of our students struggles with structuring an essay, we provide them with specific techniques on how to plan their ideas before writing, rather than just pointing out errors in their current work. This approach helps build confidence, as students can immediately apply feedback in a constructive way. By focusing on future growth, the Feedforward Method empowers students to take ownership of their learning and fosters a growth mindset. As a result, our students feel supported, encouraged, and motivated to keep improving, which is what we aim for!

Alex Cornici · Answer

Grading can really be a tightrope walk between being fair and providing constructive feedback that genuinely helps students improve. For starters, I always make sure to use a clear rubric with set criteria. This not only makes the grading process more transparent but also helps students understand exactly what is expected of them.
One technique that has proved extremely effective in my experience is the "sandwich" method for giving feedback. Basically, I start by pointing out something the student did well, then address areas where they could improve, and finally wrap up with another positive note. This approach tends to encourage students rather than discouraging them, and it keeps the dialogue open and positive. The goal is always to make sure they feel supported and understand that the feedback is a stepping stone for improvement, not just criticism.

4 Techniques for Providing Constructive and Fair Feedback to Law Students

4 Techniques for Providing Constructive and Fair Feedback to Law Students

Use a Pre-Given Grading Framework

Adopt a Growth-Focused Mindset

Apply the Feedforward Method

Utilize the Sandwich Method for Feedback